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Barnard Castle School (colloquially Barney School) is a co-educational independent day and boarding school in the market town of Barnard Castle, County Durham, in the North East of England. It is a member of The Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference (HMC). It was founded in 1883 with funding from a 13th-century endowment of John I de Balliol and the bequest of the local industrialist Benjamin Flounders. The ambition was to create a school of the quality of the ancient public schools at a more reasonable cost, whilst accepting pupils regardless of their faith. Originally the ''North Eastern County School'', the name was changed in 1924, but is still generally known locally as the "County School". The school is set in its own grounds in Teesdale, within the North Pennines, an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. An on-site prep school caters for pupils aged 4 to 11, while the senior school caters for pupils aged 11 to 18. The school was previously funded by direct grant. Founded as an all-boys school, it has been fully co-educational since 1993. There are around 725 pupils and some 195 members of staff. Since the 1980s, the school has been one of Britain's most successful at producing top class rugby union players. During this period it schooled England international players Rob Andrew and Tony and Rory Underwood. The school has also produced Mathew Tait, Lee Dickson and Tim Visser, and appeared in three finals of the inter-school Daily Mail Cup. Former pupils in other fields include Edward Mellanby (the discoverer of Vitamin D); industrialist Percy Mills, The Lord Mills; fashion designer Giles Deacon and poet Craig Raine. ==History== The school can trace its origins to an endowment made by John I de Balliol, then Lord of Barnard Castle, in 1229. The school itself was established in 1883 when it occupied temporary premises in Middleton One Row, County Durham, whilst construction of the school was undertaken in Barnard Castle.〔"Stately surroundings for 'merchant' school", ''The Northern Echo'' (Darlington), 5 May 2004.〕 Initially there were 25 boarders and 10-day pupils, but by the end of 1884, there were 76 boarders.〔 Originally known as the ''North Eastern County School'', the main school building was completed on 2 February 1886 and initially housed 116 boarders and 12-day pupils.〔 The Bishop of Durham presided over the foundation ceremony.〔''The Times Literary Supplement'' (London), 25 January 1934; pg. 61; Issue 1669.〕 The building was designed by ''Clark & Moscrop'' of Darlington in the Jacobean style, and is a Grade II listed building built with local Yorkstone and Lakeland slate.〔()〕 The school was built for the trustees of Benjamin Flounders and the trustees of St. John's Hospital, Barnard Castle, who managed the Baliol endowment, and was overseen by a University of Durham committee. Flounders was a Quaker industrialist who had helped to fund the Stockton and Darlington Railway. The Flounders trustees financed the entirety of the construction of the school with a donation of £31,000. A further £20,000 was raised by subscription to cover initial running costs, £10,000 of which came from St John's Hospital.〔 The gift from St John's was conditional on the school being situated in Barnard Castle, and this determined its location.〔 The school's governance was inspired by the county school movement of Joseph Lloyd Brereton, who was largely inspired in turn by the example of Thomas Arnold, the headmaster of Rugby School. The object of the school was to provide a liberal education, with fees a fraction of those charged by public schools. Tolerance of non-conformist denominations such as Methodism and Roman Catholicism informed the school's ethos, and the school has always remained independent of the Church of England.〔http://reports.isi.net/DownloadReport.aspx?s=6224&t=c〕 Brereton's son became the first headmaster of the school. In contrast to the largely classical education offered by many of the public schools of the time, the school always maintained a focus on scientific and technological education. A strong sporting programme was believed to build character.〔 Extensions over the next few years included a sanatorium in 1890 (now the music school) and a swimming-bath block in 1896. In 1900 a £4,000 (£400,000 in 2010) science block was opened by Lord Barnard with the Bishop of Durham in attendance.〔〔(Full text of "Life and letters of Brooke Foss Westcott, D.D., D.C.L., sometime Bishop of Durham" )〕 The building is now inhabited by Tees and Dale houses. The school name was changed to ''Barnard Castle School'' in 1924, and it was by this time one of the largest public schools in the North of England. When Harold Birkbeck was appointed headmaster in 1935 there were 193 pupils.〔(BBC Media Player )〕 In 1942 the school was elected to the Headmaster's Conference, making it an "official" public school. Following the introduction of the Education Act 1944, from 1945 the school became a direct grant grammar school and the number of pupils enrolled at the school increased substantially. In April 1961 a £65,000 (£1.1 million in 2010) appeal was launched for funding to build new science blocks and a library building. By this time there were 470 boys at the school, more than half of whom progressed to universities or higher education.〔 Birkbeck introduced squash to the school, and made it one of the best-known schools for the sport in the country in the 1960s and 1970s. The novelist Will Cohu described the school in 1974 as "a rugged Victorian establishment in a brooding Jacobean-style building overlooking the Tees ... The school was popular with parents who were in the armed forces. It was cheap, did not have any reputation for abuse, and was strong on games". The direct-grant revenue stream was abolished in 1975, making the school reliant upon independent funding. An appeal was launched that year to ensure the school's survival, with £109,000 (£750,000 in 2011) raised within nine months.〔The Times, Thursday, 19 February 1976; pg. 16; Issue 59632; col E〕 The school's first computer was installed in January 1978. Frank Macnamara became headmaster in 1980, described as "an affable enthusiast" in ''The Guardian''.〔"Rugby Union: School with the boys' own story – England were not the first to field Andrew and Underwood together". ''The Guardian'' (London), 16 March 1991.〕 Under his tenure the school would develop its reputation for fostering world-class rugby talent. For the duration of its existence (1980–1997) the school took part in the Assisted Places Scheme.〔(Assisted Places Scheme (Hansard, 11 March 1996) )〕 Girls were first admitted to the Sixth Form in 1981, and the school has been fully co-educational since 1993.〔(Barnard Castle | Junior and Senior Mixed Independent School | Durham | Guide to Independent Schools )〕 By 1992 there were around 610 pupils with an approximately 50:50 split between boarding and day pupils.〔"Inquest into death of public schoolboy", Press Association, 22 September 1992.〕 From 1993, as the result of a HMC initiative, Eastern European children were awarded scholarships to study at the school; by 1995, 8 per cent of the school's intake came from overseas. Michael Featherstone, a former England hockey international, was appointed headmaster in 1997, and the school enjoyed considerable academic success during his tenure. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Barnard Castle School」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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